Eighty-one of 84 (96 percent) receiving buprenorphine implants and 78 of 89 (88 percent) receiving sublingual buprenorphine were responders (≥ 4 of 6 months without opioid-positive urine test result [monthly and 4 times randomly] and self-report). Over 6 months, 72 of 84 (86 percent) receiving buprenorphine implants and 64 of 89 (72 percent) receiving sublingual buprenorphine maintained opioid abstinence. Non-implant-related and implant-related adverse events occurred in 48 percent and 23 percent of the buprenorphine implant group and in 53 percent and 13.5 percent of participants in the sublingual buprenorphine group, respectively.
"Buprenorphine is an effective treatment for opioid dependence; however, adherence to daily dosing for management of chronic disorders is challenging. An implantable buprenorphine delivery system reduces adherence issues and may improve efficacy," the authors write.